Zaitun, wanda kuma aka sani da 5-pentylresorcinol, wani fili ne na halitta wanda ya sami kulawa mai yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don yuwuwar aikace-aikacen magunguna da masana'antu.Yana da precursor kwayoyin don biosynthesis na daban-daban mahadi, ciki har da cannabinoids samu da farko a cikin cannabis shuka.Fahimtar biosynthesis nazaitunYana da mahimmanci don gane yuwuwar sa da bincika aikace-aikacen sa daban-daban.
A biosynthesis naZaitunyana farawa ne da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin malonyl-CoA guda biyu, waɗanda aka samo daga acetyl-CoA, ta hanyar aikin wani enzyme da ake kira polyketide synthase.Wannan motsin motsi yana haifar da samuwar wani tsaka-tsakin fili mai suna geranyl pyrophosphate, wanda shine mafarin gama gari a cikin biosynthesis na samfuran halitta daban-daban, gami da terpenes.
Geranyl pyrophosphate kuma ana juyar da shi zuwa acid zaitun ta jerin halayen enzymatic.Mataki na farko ya haɗa da canja wurin ƙungiyar isoprenyl daga geranyl pyrophosphate zuwa kwayoyin hexanoyl-CoA, samar da fili mai suna hexanoyl-CoA zaitun acid cyclase.Wannan cyclization dauki ana catalyzed ta wani enzyme da ake kira hexanoyl-CoA:olivelate cyclase.
Mataki na gabazaitunbiosynthesis ya haɗa da juyawa na hexanoyl-CoA olivetate cyclase zuwa wani nau'i mai aiki da ake kira tsaka-tsakin tetraketide.Ana samun wannan ta hanyar jerin halayen enzymatic waɗanda ke haɓaka ta hanyar enzymes kamar chalcone synthase, stilbene synthase, da resveratrol synthase.Wadannan halayen suna haifar da samuwar tsaka-tsakin tetraketide, wanda sai a canza su zuwa olivetol ta hanyar aikin polyketide reductase.
Sau ɗayazaitunan haɗa shi, ana iya ƙara canzawa zuwa mahaɗan daban-daban, ciki har da cannabinoids, ta hanyar aikin enzymes irin su cannabidiolic acid synthase da delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase.Wadannan enzymes suna haifar da kumburizaituntare da geranyl pyrophosphate ko wasu precursor kwayoyin halitta don samar da daban-daban cannabinoids.
Baya ga rawar da yake takawa a cikin cannabinoid biosynthesis,zaitunAn gano yana da yuwuwar antifungal da kaddarorin antioxidant.Bincike ya nuna cewazaitunna iya hana ci gaban nau'ikan cututtukan fungal iri-iri, yana mai da shi ɗan takara mai ban sha'awa don haɓaka magungunan antifungal.Bugu da kari,zaitunan nuna yana da aiki mai ƙarfi na ɓarna a kan ɓangarorin ƴancin rai, waxanda suke da ƙarfi sosai waɗanda ke haifar da lahani ga sel da kyallen takarda.Wannan antioxidant dukiya nazaitunyana ba da shawarar yuwuwar amfani da shi wajen haɓaka magungunan warkewa don maganin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da damuwa.
A taƙaice, biosynthesis nazaitunya haɗa da ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin malonyl-CoA, tare da jerin halayen enzymatic, wanda ya haifar da samuwarzaitun.Wannan fili yana aiki azaman kwayar halitta ta farko a cikin biosynthesis na cannabinoids da sauran samfuran halitta.Fahimtar hanyar biosynthetic naZaitunyana da mahimmanci don haɓaka yuwuwar aikace-aikacen sa a fagen magunguna da masana'antu.Ƙarin bincike a cikin biosynthesis nazaitunkuma abubuwan da suka samo asali na iya haifar da gano sabbin mahadi na warkewa da taimako a cikin haɓaka sabbin magunguna.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-13-2023